Efficacy and Safety Analysis of Carfilzomib-Containing Regimen in the Treatment of Multiple Myeloma：a Multicenter Real-World Study

Purpose

To investigate the efficacy and safety of carfilzomib-containing regimens in the treatment of multiple myeloma（MM） in different lines of treatment.

method

The clinical data of 55 multiple myeloma patients who received carfilzomib treatment in 10 medical centers in Shandong from January 2022 to March 2023 were retrospectively analyzed , and grouped according to the number of MM treatment lines, they were divided into group A : newly diagnosed multiple myeloma ( NDMM ), group B : patients with first relapse, and group C : patients treated with carfilzomib in the third line or above. Del ( 17p ), t ( 4;14 ), t ( 14;16 ) were defined as high-risk cytogenetic abnormalities

result

All patients with multiple myeloma were treated with the combined regimen based on carfilzomib, including 24 patients in group A , 9 patients in group B , and 22 patients in group C. Among all patients, there were 27 cases ( 49.1% ) of high-risk cytogenetics, and 13 cases with ECOG score ≥ 3 points ( 23.6% ), 10 cases ( 18.2 ) had eGFR <30 ml/min. The median follow-up time of patients in group A , group B and group C was 8 months, 9 months and 8 months. The overall response rate ( ORR ) was 91.7% , 88.9% and 77.3% for patients in Arms A , B and C who started carfilzomib, respectively . The ≥very good partial response ( VGPR ) rates were 75% and 66.7% for Arm A and B patients , respectively , while the ≥VGPR rate for Arm C patients was 41.0% . The negative rate of minimal residual disease ( MRD , sensitivity: 10 -6 ) in group A was 62.5% ( 15/24 ). Follow - up deadline is March 2023 On the 31st , the median progression-free survival ( PFS ) time and median overall survival ( OS ) time of patients in the three groups were not reached. After the application of carfilzomib, the incidence rate of grade 3-4 adverse events ( AE ) was 32.7% ( 18/55 ). The main hematological adverse reactions were anemia, thrombocytopenia, lymphopenia and neutropenia. Non-hematological adverse reactions were mainly infusion-related adverse reactions and infections.

in conclusion

Carfilzomib-based regimens in the treatment of multiple myeloma have good curative effect and safety, and the first-line and first-time relapse patients have better curative effect.